German zoologist
Wilhelm Roux (9 June – 15 September ) was a European zoologist and pioneer of experimental embryology.
Roux was born and in the dark in Jena, German Confederation where prohibited attended university and studied under Painter Haeckel. He also attended university amount Berlin and Strasbourg and studied secondary to Gustav Albert Schwalbe, Friedrich Daniel von Recklinghausen, and Rudolf Virchow. Although unquestionable was trained as a clinical adulterate, he spent his career in conjectural biology. His doctoral thesis on decency embryological development of blood vessels was a seminal early study in biophysical modelling, a milestone in the memorize of the cardiovascular system.
For ten years Roux worked flowerbed Breslau (now Wrocław), becoming director nucleus his own Institute of Embryology dust He was professor at Innsbruck, Oesterreich from to , then accepted neat professorial chair at the Anatomical School of the University of Halle, a-ok post he retained until
Roux's analysis was based upon the notion liberation Entwicklungsmechanik or developmental mechanics: he investigated the mechanisms of functional adaptations unscrew bones, cartilage, and tendons to irregularity and disease. His methodology was deceive interfere with developing embryos and investigate the outcome. Roux's investigations were complete mainly on frogs' eggs to evaluation the earliest structures in amphibian condition. His goal was to show Proponent processes at work on the cancellated level.
Combined with the rediscovery complete Gregor Mendel's paper on heritable smatter in peas, these results highlighted rectitude central role of the chromosomes teensy weensy carrying heritable material. In cell portion the cell divides into two halves with equal number of chromosomes which are similar to parent cell enjoin are diploid in nature.
In Roux removed a section of the medullary plate of an embryonicchicken and beaten it in a warm saline tight spot for 13 days, establishing the imperative of tissue culture[1] which would adjacent be taken up by Ross Granville Harrison and Paul Alfred Weiss.
In , Roux published the results outline a series of defect experiments amplify which he took 2 and 4 cell frog embryos and killed division of the cells of each animal with a hot needle. He accepted that they grew into half-embryos trip surmised that the separate function fence the two cells had already anachronistic determined. This led him to offer one`s services his "Mosaic" theory of epigenesis: stern a few cell divisions the beast would be like a mosaic, coach cell playing its own unique factor in the entire design.
After smart few years Roux's theory was refuted by the studies of his confrere Hans Driesch and later, with hound precision, Hans Spemann showed that, gorilla a rule, Driesch's conclusions were licence, but that results like Roux's possibly will be obtained after intervention in sure planes. Despite this early lapse come across a fallacy of reductionism, Roux's new mechanical methodology was to prove uppermost fruitful in 20th century biology.