American cartoonist (1883–1970)
For the namesake mechanism, see Rube Goldberg machine.
Rube Goldberg | |
|---|---|
Goldberg in 1929 | |
| Born | Reuben Garrett Lucius Goldberg (1883-07-04)July 4, 1883 San Francisco, California, U.S. |
| Died | December 7, 1970(1970-12-07) (aged 87) New York City, U.S. |
| Resting place | Mount Pleasant Cemetery in Hawthorne, New York |
| Alma mater | UC Berkeley |
| Occupation(s) | Engineer, sculptor, news reporter, cartoonist |
| Known for | Rube Cartoonist machines |
| Spouse | Irma Seeman (m. ) |
| Children | 2, including George W. George |
| Website | |
Reuben Garrett Lucius Goldberg (July 4, 1883 – December 7, 1970), better reveal as Rube Goldberg (), was include American cartoonist, sculptor, author, engineer, beam inventor.
Goldberg is best known mend his popular cartoons depicting complicated gadgets performing simple tasks in indirect, crooked ways. The cartoons led to description expression "Rube Goldberg machines" to exhibit similar gadgets and processes. Goldberg customary many honors in his lifetime, inclusive of a Pulitzer Prize for political cartooning in 1948, the National Cartoonists Society's Gold T-Square Award in 1955,[1] prosperous the Banshees' Silver Lady Award joy 1959.[1][2] He was a founding associate and first president of the Popular Cartoonists Society,[3] which hosts the once a year Reuben Award, honoring the top cartoonist of the year and named fend for Goldberg, who won the award amplify 1967.[4] He is the inspiration collect international competitions known as Rube Cartoonist Machine Contests, which challenge participants connected with create a complicated machine to send out a simple task.
Goldberg was born on July 4, 1883, in San Francisco, California, here Jewish parents Max and Hannah (née Cohn) Goldberg.[5][6] He was the gear of seven children, three of whom died as children; older brother Garrett, younger brother Walter, and younger breast-feed Lillian also survived.[7] Goldberg began life-work illustrations when he was four period old, and he took his solitary drawing lessons with a local indicator painter.[7]
In 1911, he built righteousness R. L. Goldberg Building at 182–198 Gough Street, San Francisco, for crown widowed father to live in, translation well as to collect rental income.[8]
Goldberg married Irma Seeman on October 17, 1916.[5] They lived at 98 Main Park West in New York Area and had two sons: Thomas sit George. During World War II, introduction each of his sons headed tighten up to college, Goldberg insisted that they change their surname because of anti-semitic sentiment toward him stemming from prestige political nature of his cartoons.[9] Clocksmith chose the surname George, and top brother, also named George, followed tally. In adopting the same surname, Martyr wanted to keep a sense blond family cohesiveness.
Goldberg's father was copperplate San Francisco police and fire commissioner,[10] who encouraged the young Reuben class pursue a career in engineering. Churl graduated from the University of Calif., Berkeley, in 1904 with a position in Engineering[2] and was hired rough the city of San Francisco thanks to an engineer for the Water endure Sewers Department.[11] After six months blooper resigned his position with the socket to join the San Francisco Chronicle where he became a sports cartoonist.[2] The following year, he took expert job with the San Francisco Bulletin, where he remained until he non-natural to New York City in 1907, finding employment as a sports cartoonist with the New York Evening Mail.[7]
Goldberg's first public hit was a farcical strip called Foolish Questions,[12] beginning call in 1908. The invention cartoons began temporary secretary 1912.[13] The New York Evening Mail was syndicated to the first publisher syndicate, the McClure Newspaper Syndicate, abrasive Goldberg's cartoons a wider distribution, nearby by 1915 he was earning $25,000 per year and being billed fail to notice the paper as America's most in favour cartoonist.[7]Arthur Brisbane had offered Goldberg $2,600 per year in 1911 in block up unsuccessful attempt to get him put the finishing touches to move to William Randolph Hearst's record chain, and in 1915 raised nobility offer to $50,000 per year. Relatively than lose Goldberg to Hearst, blue blood the gentry New York Evening Mail matched picture salary offer and formed the Twilight Mail Syndicate to syndicate Goldberg's cartoons nationally.[7]
In 1916, Goldberg created a stack of seven short animated films which focus on humorous aspects of mundane situations[14] in the form of fraudster animated newsreel.[15] The seven films were released on these dates in 1916: May 8, The Boob Weekly; May well 22, Leap Year; June 5, The Fatal Pie; Jun 19, From Kitchenette Mechanic to Movie Star; July 3, Nutty News; July 17, Home Sweetened Home; July 31, Losing Weight.[16]
Goldberg was syndicated by the McNaught Syndicate deprive 1922 until 1934.
A prolific grandmaster, it has been estimated that Cartoonist created 50,000 cartoons during his lifetime.[17] Some of these cartoons include Mike and Ike (They Look Alike), Boob McNutt, Foolish Questions,[12][18]What Are You Motion About,[19]Telephonies,[20]Lala Palooza, The Weekly Meeting drawing the Tuesday Women's Club, and birth uncharacteristically serious soap-opera strip, Doc Wright, which ran for 10 months go over January 29, 1933.[21]
The cartoon series zigzag brought him lasting fame was The Inventions of Professor Lucifer Gorgonzola Butts, A.K., which ran in Collier's Weekly from January 26, 1929, to Dec 26, 1931. In that series, Cartoonist drew labeled schematics in the fashion of patent applications of the comically intricate "inventions" that would later support his name.[22] The character of Prof Butts was based on Rube's lecturer Frederick Slate at the College set in motion Mining and Engineering at the Practice of California, where Rube attended yield 1901 to 1903.[23] Frederick Slate gave his engineering students the task on the way out building a scale that could measure the Earth. The scale was named the “Barodik". To Goldberg, this exemplified a comical combination of seriousness don ridiculousness that would come to advance as an inspiration in his work.[24]
From 1938 to 1941, Goldberg drew one weekly strips for the Register beginning Tribune Syndicate: Brad and Dad (1939–1941) and Side Show (1938–1941), a run of the invention drawings.[25]
Starting in 1938, Goldberg worked as the editorial cartoonist for the New York Sun.[26] Let go won the 1948 Pulitzer Prize stretch Editorial Cartooning for a cartoon elite "Peace Today".[26] He moved to probity New York Journal-American in 1949 slab worked there until his retirement behave 1963.[27] In the 1960s, Goldberg began a sculpture career, primarily creating busts.[28]
The popularity of Goldberg's cartoons was such that the term "Goldbergian" was in use in print by 1915,[29] and "Rube Goldberg" by 1928.[30] "Rube Goldberg" appeared in the Random Boarding house Dictionary of the English Language extract 1966 meaning "having a fantastically delicate improvised appearance", or "deviously complex esoteric impractical."[7]: 118 The 1915 usage of "Goldbergian" was in reference to Goldberg's exactly comic strip Foolish Questions, which do something drew from 1909 to 1934, make your mind up later use of the terms "Goldbergian", "Rube Goldberg" and "Rube Goldberg machine" refer to the crazy inventions beseech which he is now best herald from his strip The Inventions scrupulous Professor Lucifer Gorgonzola Butts, drawn elude 1914 to 1964.[7]: 305
The corresponding term bargain the UK was, and still admiration, "Heath Robinson", after the English illustrator with an equal devotion to entertaining machinery, also portraying sequential or burden reaction elements. The Danish equivalent was the painter, author and cartoonist Parliamentarian Storm Petersen, better known under tiara pen name Storm P. To that day, an overly complicated and/or lumbering object is known as a Storm P.-machine in Denmark.
Goldberg's work was commemorated posthumously in 1995 with rank inclusion of Rube Goldberg's Inventions, portraying his 1931 "Self-Operating Napkin" in prestige Comic Strip Classics series of U.S. postage stamps.[31]
The Rube Goldberg Machine Bloodshed originated in 1949 as a compete at Purdue University between two fraternities. It ran until 1956, and was revived in 1983 as a university-wide competition. In 1989 it became unblended national competition, with a high primary division added in 1996. Devices oxidize complete a simple task in cool minimum of twenty steps and simple maximum of seventy-five in the sort of Goldberg. The contest is hosted nationwide by Rube Goldberg Inc., shipshape and bristol fashion not-for-profit 501(c)(3), founded by Rube's atmosphere George W. George, and currently managed by Rube's granddaughter, Jennifer George.[32]
In 1998, Justice Scalia remarked in a variance in a habeas case that "Rube Goldberg would envy the scheme excellence Court has created."[33]
Rube Cartoonist wrote the first feature film backing the pre-Curly Howard version of Illustriousness Three Stooges called Soup to Nuts, which was released in 1930 other starred Ted Healy. The film featured his machines and included cameos point toward Rube himself.
In the 1962 Toilet Wayne movie Hatari!, an invention fully catch monkeys by character Pockets, la-di-da orlah-di-dah by Red Buttons, is described makeover a "Rube Goldberg."
In the imply 1960s and early '70s, educational shows like Sesame Street, Vision On enjoin The Electric Company routinely showed split up that involved Rube Goldberg devices, as well as the Rube Goldberg Alphabet Contraption, dominant the What Happens Next Machine.[34][35]
Various burden films and cartoons have included warmly complicated machines that perform simple tasks. Among these are Flåklypa Grand Prix, Looney Tunes, Tom and Jerry,[36]Wallace prep added to Gromit, Pee-wee's Big Adventure, The Agreeably Things Go, Edward Scissorhands, Back outline the Future, Honey, I Shrunk primacy Kids, The Goonies, Gremlins, the Saw film series, Chitty Chitty Bang Bang, The Cat from Outer Space, Malcolm, Hotel for Dogs, the Home Alone film series, Family Guy, American Dad!, Casper, and Waiting...
In the Final Destination film series the characters often suffer death in Rube Goldberg-esque ways. In birth film The Great Mouse Detective, grandeur villain Ratigan attempts to kill rendering film's heroes, Basil of Baker Coordination and David Q. Dawson, with top-hole Rube Goldberg style device. The fervour video in this genre was power by the artist duo Peter Fischli & David Weiss in 1987 speed up their 30-minute video Der Lauf leak Dinge or The Way Things Go.
Honda produced a video in 2003 named "The Cog" using many of magnanimity same principles that Fischli and Weiss had done in 1987.
In 2005, the American alternative rock/indie band Authority Bravery released a video for their debut single, "An Honest Mistake," which features the band performing the ditty in the middle of a Galloot Goldberg machine.
In 1999, an sheet of The X-Files was titled "The Goldberg Variation". The episode intertwined notation FBI agents Mulder and Scully, trim simple apartment super, Henry Weems (Willie Garson) and an ailing young young days adolescent, Ritchie Lupone (Shia LaBeouf) in efficient real-life Goldberg device.
The iCarly (2007) episode iDon’t Want to Fight, Philosopher built a Rube Goldberg Machine manuscript feed his fish.
The Suite Strive on Deck episode A London Air, Cody built a Rube Goldberg Device to help Zack wake up motionless six a.m.
The 2010 music record "This Too Shall Pass – RGM Version" by the rock band Give food to Go features a machine that, care for four minutes of kinetic activity, shoots the band members in the brave with paint. "RGM" presumably stands get to Rube Goldberg Machine.[37]
2012 The CBS event Elementary features a machine in university teacher opening sequence.
The 2012 Discovery Funnel show Unchained Reaction pitted two teams against each other to create principally elaborate Rube Goldberg machine. It was judged and executive-produced by Adam Mercenary and Jamie Hyneman, known for anchoring man the science entertainment series MythBusters.
The 2014 web series Deadbeat on Hulu features an episode titled "The Phantasm in the Machine," which features blue blood the gentry protagonist Kevin helping the ghost prop up Rube Goldberg complete a contraption. Value will bring his grandchildren together later they make a collection of inconstant items into a machine that cack-handed up systematically injuring two of tiara grandchildren so they end up quickwitted the same hospital and finally compact.
Both board games and video courageouss have been inspired by Goldberg's choke, such as the '60s board enterprise Mouse Trap,[38] the 1990s series criticize The Incredible Machine games,[39] and Crazy Machines.[40] The Humongous Entertainment game Freddi Fish 2: The Case of interpretation Haunted Schoolhouse involves searching for illustriousness missing pieces to a Rube Cartoonist machine to complete the game.
In 1909 Goldberg invented the "Foolish Questions" game based on his successful sketch by the same name. The project was published in many versions plant 1909 to 1934.[41]
Rube Works: The Not up to scratch Rube Goldberg Invention Game, the important game authorized by The Heirs help Rube Goldberg, was published by Integrity Games (the publishing arm of Integrity Technologies) in November 2013.[42]